FCI 標準西高地白梗FCI-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER
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FCI 標準西高地白梗FCI-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER
FCI 標準西高地白梗FCI-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER
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FCI-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER
ORIGIN: Great Britain.
UTILIZATION: Terrier. FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 3 Terriers. Section 2 Small-sized Terriers. Without working trial. GENERAL APPEARANCE: Strongly built; deep in chest and back ribs; level back and powerful quarters on muscular legs and exhibiting in a marked degree a great combination of strength and activity.
BEHAVIOUR AND TEMPERAMENT: Small, active, game, hardly, possessed of no small amount of self-esteem with a varminty appearance. Alert, gay, courageous, self-reliant but friendly. HEAD Distance from occiput to eyes slightly greater than length of foreface. Head thickly coated with hair and carried at right angle or less, to axis of neck. Head not to be carried in extended position.
CRANIAL REGION: Skull: Slightly domed; when handled across forehead presents a smooth contour. Tapering very slightly from skull at level of ears to eyes. Stop: Distinct stop, formed by heavy, bony ridges immediately above and slightly overhanging eye, and slight indentation between eyes.
FACIAL REGION: Nose: Black and fairly large, forming smooth contour with rest of muzzle. Nose not projecting forward. Muzzle: Foreface gradually tapering from eye to muzzle; not dished nor falling away quickly below eyes, where it is well made up. Jaws / Teeth: Jaws strong and level. As broad between canine teeth as is consistent with varminty expression required. Teeth large for size of dog, with regular scissor bite, i.e. upper teeth closely overlapping the lower teeth and set square to the jaws.
EYES: Set wide apart, medium in size, not full, as dark as possible and set well under heavy eyebrows which gives the dog a sharp and intelligent piercing expression. Light coloured eyes highly undesirable.
EARS: Small, erect and carried firmly, terminating in sharp point, set neither too wide nor too close. Hair short and smooth (velvety), should not be cut. Free from any fringe at top. Round-pointed, broad, large or thick ears or too heavily coated with hair most undesirable.
NECK:
FCI-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER 西高地白梗
2023-12-30， 瀏覽： 681
FCI-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER
ORIGIN: Great Britain.
UTILIZATION: Terrier. FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 3 Terriers. Section 2 Small-sized Terriers. Without working trial. GENERAL APPEARANCE: Strongly built; deep in chest and back ribs; level back and powerful quarters on muscular legs and exhibiting in a marked degree a great combination of strength and activity.
BEHAVIOUR AND TEMPERAMENT: Small, active, game, hardly, possessed of no small amount of self-esteem with a varminty appearance. Alert, gay, courageous, self-reliant but friendly. HEAD Distance from occiput to eyes slightly greater than length of foreface. Head thickly coated with hair and carried at right angle or less, to axis of neck. Head not to be carried in extended position.
CRANIAL REGION: Skull: Slightly domed; when handled across forehead presents a smooth contour. Tapering very slightly from skull at level of ears to eyes. Stop: Distinct stop, formed by heavy, bony ridges immediately above and slightly overhanging eye, and slight indentation between eyes.
FACIAL REGION: Nose: Black and fairly large, forming smooth contour with rest of muzzle. Nose not projecting forward. Muzzle: Foreface gradually tapering from eye to muzzle; not dished nor falling away quickly below eyes, where it is well made up. Jaws / Teeth: Jaws strong and level. As broad between canine teeth as is consistent with varminty expression required. Teeth large for size of dog, with regular scissor bite, i.e. upper teeth closely overlapping the lower teeth and set square to the jaws.
EYES: Set wide apart, medium in size, not full, as dark as possible and set well under heavy eyebrows which gives the dog a sharp and intelligent piercing expression. Light coloured eyes highly undesirable.
EARS: Small, erect and carried firmly, terminating in sharp point, set neither too wide nor too close. Hair short and smooth (velvety), should not be cut. Free from any fringe at top. Round-pointed, broad, large or thick ears or too heavily coated with hair most undesirable.
NECK:
FCI 標準西高地白梗
起源： 英國。
用途：梗犬。 FCI 分類：3 組梗類犬。第 2 節 小型梗犬。未經工作試用。整體外觀：體格健壯；位於胸部和背部肋骨深處；背部平坦，後肢有力，腿部肌肉發達，明顯地展現出力量和活力的完美結合。
行為與氣質：體型小、活躍、好玩、幾乎不具有自尊心，外表兇惡。警覺、快樂、勇敢、自力更生但友善。頭部從枕骨到眼睛的距離略大於前臉的長度。頭部覆蓋著厚厚的毛髮，與頸軸線呈直角或更小的角度。頭部不得處於伸展位置。
顱骨區域：頭骨：略呈圓頂狀；當跨越前額時，會呈現出光滑的輪廓。從頭骨到耳朵到眼睛處逐漸變細。止部：明顯的止部，由眼睛正上方略微懸垂的厚重骨質脊線以及兩眼之間輕微的凹痕形成。
臉部區域：鼻子：黑色且相當大，與口鼻的其餘部分形成光滑的輪廓。鼻子不向前突出。 口吻：前臉從眼睛到口吻逐漸變細；眼睛下方的眼影不會凹陷，也不會很快脫落，妝容精緻。顎/牙齒：顎強健且水平。犬齒之間的寬度應與害蟲的表情一致。相對於狗的體型來說，牙齒較大，有規則的剪狀咬合，即上牙緊密覆蓋下牙，並與下顎骨呈方形。
眼睛：間距較寬，中等大小，不飽滿，顏色盡可能黑，位於濃眉下方，使狗具有敏銳、聰明的洞察力。淺顏色的眼睛非常不受歡迎。
耳朵：小、直立、牢固，尖端尖，位置不太寬也不太近。毛髮短而光滑（天鵝絨般），不宜剪短。頂部無任何邊緣。圓尖、寬、大、厚的耳朵或毛髮太濃密都是不受歡迎的。
脖子：
起源： 英國。
用途：梗犬。 FCI 分類：3 組梗類犬。第 2 節 小型梗犬。未經工作試用。整體外觀：體格健壯；位於胸部和背部肋骨深處；背部平坦，後肢有力，腿部肌肉發達，明顯地展現出力量和活力的完美結合。
行為與氣質：體型小、活躍、好玩、幾乎不具有自尊心，外表兇惡。警覺、快樂、勇敢、自力更生但友善。頭部從枕骨到眼睛的距離略大於前臉的長度。頭部覆蓋著厚厚的毛髮，與頸軸線呈直角或更小的角度。頭部不得處於伸展位置。
顱骨區域：頭骨：略呈圓頂狀；當跨越前額時，會呈現出光滑的輪廓。從頭骨到耳朵到眼睛處逐漸變細。止部：明顯的止部，由眼睛正上方略微懸垂的厚重骨質脊線以及兩眼之間輕微的凹痕形成。
臉部區域：鼻子：黑色且相當大，與口鼻的其餘部分形成光滑的輪廓。鼻子不向前突出。 口吻：前臉從眼睛到口吻逐漸變細；眼睛下方的眼影不會凹陷，也不會很快脫落，妝容精緻。顎/牙齒：顎強健且水平。犬齒之間的寬度應與害蟲的表情一致。相對於狗的體型來說，牙齒較大，有規則的剪狀咬合，即上牙緊密覆蓋下牙，並與下顎骨呈方形。
眼睛：間距較寬，中等大小，不飽滿，顏色盡可能黑，位於濃眉下方，使狗具有敏銳、聰明的洞察力。淺顏色的眼睛非常不受歡迎。
耳朵：小、直立、牢固，尖端尖，位置不太寬也不太近。毛髮短而光滑（天鵝絨般），不宜剪短。頂部無任何邊緣。圓尖、寬、大、厚的耳朵或毛髮太濃密都是不受歡迎的。
脖子：
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為防止您撲空，請留訊息留言互動預約時間。
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AKC 標準西高地白梗AKC-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER
AKC-Standard WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER 西高地白梗 2023-12-30， 瀏覽： 855 AKC Standard of the West Highland White TerrierTerrier GroupAbout the BreedSmart, confident, and always entertaining at play, the adorable West Highland White Terrier (Westie, for short) has charmed owners for over 300 years. This diminutive but sturdy earthdog is among the most popular of the small terriers. Standing 10 to 11 inches at the shoulder, with dark piercing eyes, compact body, and a carrot-shaped tail wagging with delight, the Westie's looks are irresistible. Beneath the plush-toy exterior, though, is a true working terrier of gameness and courage. Bred to hunt rats and other underground rodents, Westies are surprisingly strong and tough. The all-white double coat is hard to the touch, not soft and fluffy. Alert and active, Westies exhibit traits of a plucky and self-reliant ratting terrier: They require no pampering, they will chase after anything that moves, and their independence can make training a challenge. But, thanks to their faithfulness and keen intelligence, Westies will train nicely with time and patience.General Appearance: The West Highland White Terrier is a small, game, well-balanced hardy looking terrier, exhibiting good showmanship, possessed with no small amount of self-esteem, strongly built, deep in chest and back ribs, with a straight back and powerful hindquarters on muscular legs, and exhibiting in marked degree a great combination of strength and activity. The coat is about two inches long, white in color, hard, with plenty of soft undercoat. The dog should be neatly presented, the longer coat on the back and sides, trimmed to blend into the shorter neck and shoulder coat. Considerable hair is left around the head to act as a frame for the face to yield a typical Westie expression.Size, Proportion, Substance: The ideal size is eleven inches at the withers for dogs and ten inches for bitches. A slight deviation is acceptable. The Westie is a compact dog, with good balance and substance. The body between the withers and the root of the tail is slightly shorter than the height at the withers. Short-coupled and well boned. Faults - Over or under height limits. Fine boned.Head: Shaped to present a round appearance from the front. Should be in proportion to the body. Expression - Piercing, inquisitive, pert. Eyes - Widely set apart, medium in size, almond shaped, dark brown in color, deep set, sharp and intelligent. Looking from under heavy eyebrows, they give a piercing look. Eye rims are black. Faults - Small, full or light colored eyes. Ears - Small, carried tightly erect, set wide apart, on the top outer edge of the skull. They terminate in a sharp point, and must never be cropped. The hair on the ears is trimmed short and is smooth and velvety, free of fringe at the tips. Black skin pigmentation is preferred. 西高地白梗犬 AKC 標準梗類犬組關於品種聰明、自信並且在玩耍時總是充滿樂趣，可愛的西高地白梗（簡稱 Westie）已經讓主人著迷了 300 多年。這種體型小巧但強壯的地獵犬是小型梗犬中最受歡迎的犬種之一。西高地白梗肩高 10 至 11 英寸，擁有黑色的銳利眼睛、緊湊的身軀、歡快地搖曳的胡蘿蔔形尾巴，其外觀讓人無法抗拒。然而，在這毛絨玩具的外表下，卻是一隻勇敢、活潑的真正的工作梗犬。西高地白梗是專門為捕獵老鼠和其他地下囓齒動物而培育的，因此它們出奇地強壯和堅韌。全白的雙層毛摸起來很硬，不柔軟也不蓬鬆。西高地白梗機警而活躍，展現出勇敢而自力更生的捕鼠梗的特徵：它們不需要嬌慣，會追逐任何移動的東西，而且它們的獨立性使訓練成為一項挑戰。但是，由於它們的忠誠和敏銳的智慧，西高地白梗會隨著時間和耐心而得到很好的訓練。整體外觀：西高地白梗是一種體型小、活潑、平衡性好、耐寒的梗類犬，具有很好的表演天賦，自尊心很強，體格健壯，胸部和背肋很深，背部筆直，後軀有力，腿部肌肉發達，明顯表現出力量和活力的完美結合。毛長約兩英寸，顏色為白色，堅硬，具有大量柔軟的底毛。狗的毛髮應整潔，背部和側面的長毛應修剪成與較短的頸部和肩部的毛髮相融合。頭部周圍留有大量毛髮，作為臉部的框架，呈現出典型的西高地白梗表情。尺寸、比例、體質：公犬肩高理想尺寸為 11 英寸，母犬肩高理想尺寸為 10 英寸。輕微的偏差是可以接受的。西高地白梗是一種體型緊湊的狗，具有良好的平衡性和體格。肩隆與尾根之間的身體長度比肩隆處的高度略短。耦合短且骨骼強健。缺陷－超過或低於高度限制。骨骼細密。頭部：從正面看，呈現圓形。應與身體成比例。表情——敏銳、好奇、活潑。眼睛 - 距離較遠，中等大小，杏仁狀，顏色為深棕色，深陷，敏銳而聰明。濃眉之下，目光犀利。眼圈為黑色。缺陷－眼睛小、太飽滿或顏色太淺。耳朵 - 小，緊密直立，距離較遠，位於頭骨的上外緣。它們的末端有一個尖點，絕不能被剪斷。耳朵上的毛髮修剪得很短，光滑柔軟，尖端沒有瀏海。皮膚色素沉著較黑者優先。 聯絡方式 報名、上課時間討論、更多資訊、細節討論、諮詢，請至學院參觀了解，以方便解答您的疑問。為防止您撲空，請留訊息留言互動預約時間。
FCI 標準剛毛指示格里芬犬FCI-Standard Wire-Haired Pointing Griffon Korthals
FCI-Standard Wire-Haired Pointing Griffon Korthals 2023-12-30， 瀏覽： 796 FCI-Standard GRIFFON D’ARRÊT À POIL DUR KORTHALS (Wire-Haired Pointing Griffon Korthals) ORIGIN: France.UTILIZATION: Essentially a versatile pointing dog. Also used for tracking wounded large game.FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 7 Pointing Dogs. Section 1.3 Continental Pointing Dogs, « Griffon » type. With working trial.BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: Already mentioned by Xenophon, used as « oysel dog » widespread in the whole of Europe under different names. The breed was renewed and improved by inbreeding, selection and training without any addition of foreign blood by E.K. Korthals during the second half of the 19th century. Since, the different national clubs have remained faithful to its precepts.GENERAL APPEARANCE: Vigorous dog, rustic of medium size. Longer than tall. The skull is not too broad. The muzzle is long and square. The eyes, dark yellow or brown are surmounted but not covered by bushy eyebrows and well developed moustaches and beard give him a characteristic expression and express firmness and assurance.BEHAVIOUR / TEMPERAMENT: Gentle and proud, excellent hunter, very attached to his master and his territory which he guards with vigilance. Very gentle with children.HEAD: Big and long, with harsh hair, thick but not too long; moustache, beard and eyebrows well developed.CRANIAL REGION: Skull: Not too broad. The upper lines of the skull and the muzzle are parallel. Stop: Not too pronounced.FACIAL REGION: Nose: Always brown. Muzzle: Long and square, of the same length as the skull, bridge of the nose slightly convex.EYES: Dark yellow or brown, large, rounded surmounted but not covered by the eyebrows, very intelligent expression.EARS: Of medium size, not curled inwards, flat, set on level line with the eyes, the short hair w FCI 標準 GRIFFON D’ARRÊT À POIL DUR KORTHALS (剛毛指示格里芬犬)產地：法國。用途：本質上是一隻多功能的指示犬。也用於追蹤受傷的大型獵物。FCI 分類：第 7 組指示犬。第 1.3 節 歐洲指示犬，「格里芬」類型。經過工作試用。簡要歷史概述：色諾芬已經提到過，它被稱為“oysel dog”，以不同名稱在整個歐洲廣泛使用。此品種由 E.K. 透過近親繁殖、選擇和訓練進行更新和改良，沒有添加任何外來血液。 19 世紀下半葉的科爾塔爾斯 (Korthals)。自那時起，各國的俱樂部都忠實地遵循著它的訓誡。整體外觀：精力充沛，中等體型，質樸。身長大於身高。頭骨不太寬。口吻長而方形。眼睛為深黃色或棕色，上方有濃密的眉毛但未被遮住，發達的鬍鬚和鬍鬚賦予他獨特的表情，並表現出堅定和自信。行為 / 氣質：溫柔而驕傲，優秀的獵人，非常依戀他的主人和他警惕地守護的領地。對孩子非常溫柔。頭部：大而長，毛髮粗糙，濃密但不太長；鬍鬚、鬍鬚和眉毛發達。顱骨區域：頭骨：不要太寬。頭骨和口吻的上線平行。停止：不是太明顯。臉部區域：鼻子：永遠為棕色。口吻：長而方形，與頭骨長度相同，鼻樑略凸。眼睛：深黃色或棕色，大而圓，頂部但不被眉毛遮蓋，表情非常聰明。耳朵：中等大小，不向內捲曲，平坦，與眼睛位於同一水平線上，短毛 聯絡方式 報名、上課時間討論、更多資訊、細節討論、諮詢，請至學院參觀了解，以方便解答您的疑問。為防止您撲空，請留訊息留言互動預約時間。
剛毛獵狐梗的 AKC 標準 AKC Standard of the Wire Fox Terrier
AKC Standard of the Wire Fox Terrier 2024-01-02， 瀏覽： 673 AKC Standard of the Wire Fox TerrierGeneral Appearance: The Terrier should be alert, quick of movement, keen of expression, on the tip-toe of expectation at the slightest provocation. Character is imparted by the expression of the eyes and by the carriage of ears and tail. Bone and strength in a small compass are essential, but this must not be taken to mean that a Terrier should be "cloddy," or in any way coarse - speed and endurance being requisite as well as power. The Terrier must on no account be leggy, nor must he be too short on the leg. He should stand like a cleverly made, short-backed hunter, covering a lot of ground.N.B. Old scars or injuries, the result of work or accident, should not be allowed to prejudice a Terrier's chance in the show ring, unless they interfere with its movement or with its utility for work or stud.Size, Proportion, Substance: According to present-day requirements, a full-sized, well balanced dog should not exceed 15½ inches at the withers - the bitch being proportionately lower - nor should the length of back from withers to root of tail exceed 12 inches, while to maintain the relative proportions, the head-as mentioned below-should not exceed 7¼ inches or be less than 7 inches. A dog with these measurements should scale 18 pounds in show condition - a bitch weighing some two pounds less - with a margin of one pound either way. The dog should be balanced and this may be defined as the correct proportions of a certain point or points, when considered in relation to a certain other point or points. It is the keystone of the Terrier's anatomy. The chief points for consideration are the relative proportions of skull and foreface; head and back; height at withers; and length of body from shoulder point to buttock - the ideal of proportion being reached when the last two measurements are the same. It should be added that, although the head measurements can be taken with absolute accuracy, the height at withers and length of back are approximate, and are inserted for the information of breeders and exhibitors rather than as a hard-and-fast rule.HeadThe length of the head of a full-grown well developed dog of correct size - measured with calipers - from the back of the occipital bone to the nostrils-should be from 7 to 7¼ inches, the bitch's head being proportionately shorter. Any measurement in excess of this usually indicates an oversized or long-backed specimen, although occasionally - so rarely as to partake of the nature of a freak - a Terrier of correct size may boast a head 7½ inches in length. In a well balanced head there should be little apparent difference in length between skull and foreface. If, however, the foreface is noticeably shorter, it amounts to a fault, the head looking weak and "unfinished." On the other hand, when the eyes are set too high up in the skull and too near the ears, it also amounts to a fault, the head being said to have a "foreign appearance." Keen of expression.Eyes should be dark in color, moderately small, rather deep-set, not prominent, and full of fire, life, and intelligence; as nearly as possible circular in shape, and not too far apart. Anything approaching a yellow eye is most objectionable. Ears should be small and V-shaped and of moderate thickness, the flaps neatly folded over and dropping forward close Page 2 of 4 to the cheeks. The topline of the folded ear should be well above the level of the skull. A pendulous ear, hanging dead by th 聯絡方式 報名、上課時間討論、更多資訊、細節討論、諮詢，請至學院參觀了解，以方便解答您的疑問。為防止您撲空，請留訊息留言互動預約時間。 剛毛獵狐梗的 AKC 標準整體外觀：梗犬應該警惕，動作敏捷，表情敏銳，對最輕微的挑釁都保持警惕。性格是透過眼睛的表情和耳朵和尾巴的動作來表達的。小體型的骨骼和力量必不可少，但這並不意味著梗犬應該是「土裡土氣」的，或任何粗糙的——速度和耐力以及力量都是必需的。梗犬的腿絕對不能太長，不能太短。他應該像一個聰明的、短背的獵人一樣站立，覆蓋很大的地面。注意：工作或意外造成的舊傷疤或傷害不應影響梗犬參與表演的機會，除非它們影響其運動或工作或配種的效用。尺寸、比例、體質：根據現今的要求，一隻健康、平衡的公狗的肩高不應超過 15½ 英寸（母狗肩高相對較低），背長（從肩高到尾根）也不應超過 12 英寸，同時，為了保持相對比例，頭部（如下所述）不應超過 7¼ 英寸或少於 7 英寸。具有這些尺寸的公狗在展示狀態下的重量應為 18 磅 - 母狗重量應輕約兩磅 - 兩者之間相差一磅。狗應該是平衡的，這可以定義為相對於其他某個點或多個點而言某個點或多個點的正確比例。這是梗犬解剖結構的基石。需要考慮的主要點是頭骨和前臉的相對比例；頭部和背部；肩高；以及從肩點到臀部的身體長度——當最後兩個測量值相同時，即達到理想的比例。需要補充的是，雖然頭部測量結果可以絕對準確，但肩高和背長都是近似值，只是為了向飼養者和參展商提供信息，而不是硬性規定。頭一隻發育良好的成年公狗，其頭部長度（用卡尺測量）從枕骨後部到鼻孔的長度應為 7 至 7¼ 英寸，母狗的頭部相對較短。任何超過此值的測量結果通常表明該梗犬體型過大或背部過長，儘管偶爾（這種情況很少見，以至於具有畸形的性質）一隻正確尺寸的梗犬的頭長度可能為 7.5 英寸。在一個平衡良好的頭部，頭骨和前臉之間的長度應該沒有明顯的差異。然而，如果前臉明顯較短，那就屬於缺陷，頭部看起來虛弱且「未完成」。另一方面，如果眼睛在頭骨上的位置太高並且離耳朵太近，也會被視為缺陷，頭部會顯得「異樣」。表情敏銳。形狀盡可能接近圓形，並且不要太遠。任何接近黃色眼睛的東西都是最令人反感的。耳朵應該小而呈 V 形，厚度適中，耳垂整齊地折疊起來並向前垂下，靠近臉頰。折耳的頂線應遠高於頭骨的高度。一隻垂下的耳朵，垂在聯絡方式報道、上課時間討論、更多資訊、詳細討論、垂詢，請到學院參觀了解，以方便解答您的疑問。為了防止您錯過，請留下訊息留言互動預約時間。
台灣犬標準 Taiwan dog Standard
台灣犬標準 Taiwan dog Standard 2023-11-24， 瀏覽： 429 序言/Introduction台灣是個呈南北狹長型的海島，位於亞洲大陸東南方、太平洋西岸東亞島弧間，北臨日本、琉球群島，南接菲律賓群島；在自然資源方面，由於地層板塊運動不斷的進行，造成台灣複雜多變的地形地貌，高山、丘陵、平原、盆地、島嶼、縱谷與海岸等景觀豐富；在這個環境被隔絕，而地形特殊的孤島上，再加上北迴歸線恰好從中通過，使台灣同時擁有熱帶、亞熱帶、溫帶等各種自然生態。目前在中國大陸西南部，和東南亞一些地區，有部份狗和台灣犬很類似。從台灣早期的族群分佈與地理環境區隔，大致可將這些犬隻分成以下系統，主要有： 台灣北部山區血系犬隻：以大雪山山脈及中央山地北部為主，其中主要以泰雅族群，布農族群及賽夏族群等犬隻為主。 台灣南部山區血系犬隻：以阿里山山脈、玉山山脈及東海岸山脈和中央山脈南段為主，主要族群以阿美族，魯凱族，排灣族，鄒族及卑南族等族群為主。 台灣西部血系犬隻：以台灣西部平原及沿海一帶為主，其中以漢族及部分平地原著民族群之犬隻為主。 這些主要血系的犬隻原本跟隨著主人們一起生活，後來因環境的變化，各血系的犬隻開始慢慢融合，且經不斷的繁殖，數量亦逐漸增加，這時期的犬隻在台灣先民的篩選與自然環境物競天擇的情況下，性能與體構漸漸的演化，在當時的環境中得以生存，進而成為台灣特有犬種。 台灣的狩獵地區，佈滿許多陡峭的山谷、峭壁、山澗和水流湍急而深的河流與峽谷，台灣的野生動物體型跟其他國家的比較起來相對地較小，因此長期以來，處於環境較為危險的崎嶇山區，讓台灣犬逐漸發展出適應環境的體型以利能擅長跑或是衝刺、跳躍等動作，且必須兼具速度和柔軟度利於迅速安全穿梭於高山岩間與矮欉縫隙，台灣犬是一種聰明絕頂且順從性好的狗，隨時樂意取悅牠的主人。 台灣畜犬協會在這10年內累計6909隻台灣犬已經核發血統書並且記載於犬籍資料中，估計共有4277隻參與FCI或Club犬展，經過推廣平均高達50隻的報名隻數參加犬展（約佔總報名隻數的20%），這個品種遺傳穩定並足以推廣此新品種＂台灣犬＂於世界。https://youtu.be/9c0ILJ83d1Q犬種標準/Standard原產地 : 台灣用途 : 狩獵犬, 看守犬, 伴侶犬F.C.I.分類 : 第五犬種群 狐狸犬之原始類型 第七類 原始型狩獵犬 不須作業測試.簡歷:「台灣犬」是台灣原生的在地犬，是南亞狩獵犬之後裔(南亞原生犬系)，曾經與台灣的原住民族在中央山脈共同生活。此犬種是原住民獵人在叢林裡最忠誠的伴侶。1980年，一份由國立台灣大學，日本岐阜大學、名古屋大學合作，以台灣犬為議題的學術研究，訪察了台灣29支原始部落所調查出來的結果；推斷出台灣犬應是南亞狩獵犬之後裔。此犬種目前已經是風行台灣全島的看守犬, 伴侶犬。 一般外貌 : 中型犬具有三角型頭部, 杏仁眼,耳薄而豎立、鐮刀尾。體毛乾燥, 肌肉結實, 體態均稱。重要比例 : 口吻長度 / 頭蓋骨長度＝5 / 5.5 胸深 / 肩高＝5 ~ 4.7 / 10 肩高 / 體長＝10 / 10.5 牝犬(被允許) 擁有略長的「體長比例」。行為 / 稟性: 對其主人極度忠誠、機警敏銳、動作敏捷、大膽且無所畏懼。頭頭蓋部: 前額寬闊呈弧狀，無皺紋。頭蓋: 頭蓋骨的長度比口吻的長度稍長。額段 : 被一條輕淺的額溝區分開來。面部 :鼻 : 大小適中，鼻孔略寬，鼻色為黑色，黑色毛色以外的犬隻亦可以接受略淺的顏色。口吻 : 鼻樑線平坦，由口吻的根基部開始向前到鼻端略微收窄，但不形成尖銳細長的口吻。嘴唇：上下嘴唇緊密結實，沒有贅肉。顎/齒 : 下顎強壯. 鋏狀咬合。頰: 咬肌發達，頰部略突出。眼睛 : 杏仁形。黑褐色。棕色(咖啡色)亦可接受,但應該避免黃色或紅眼。耳朵 : 立耳，耳基根部位於頭蓋的兩側，45度角向外豎立。耳內緣呈直線，耳外緣略呈弧形。頸 : 肌肉結實強壯，長度適中，頸背略呈拱形，喉部沒有垂肉。身體 : 精壯結實具有肌肉，身型幾乎呈正方形。肩胛 : 發育良好。背 : 背線平直且短。腰部 : 肌肉緊實堅韌。尻 : 尻部寬闊、平、短、
約克夏犬的 AKC 標準AKC Standard of the Yorkshire Terrier
AKC Standard of the Yorkshire Terrier 2023-12-29， 瀏覽： 925 AKC The Breed Standard of the Yorkshire TerrierGroup : ToyThe Yorkshire Terrier was recognized as a breed by the AKC in 1885.About the BreedBeneath the dainty, glossy, floor-length coat of a Yorkshire Terrier beats the heart of a feisty, old-time terrier. Yorkies earned their living as ratters in mines and mills long before they became the beribboned lapdogs of Victorian ladies. The Yorkshire Terrier is a compact, toy-size terrier of no more than seven pounds whose crowning glory is a floor-length, silky coat of steel blue and a rich golden tan. Don't let the Yorkie's daintiness fool you. Tenacious, feisty, brave, and sometimes bossy, the Yorkie exhibits all the traits of a true terrier. Often named the most popular dog breed in various American cities, Yorkies pack lots of big-town attitude into a small but self-important package. They are favorites of urbanites the world over. Yorkies are long-lived and hypoallergenic (the coat is more like human hair than animal fur), and they make fine little watchdogs. This is a true 'personality breed,' providing years of laughs, love, and close companionship.General Appearance: That of a long-haired toy terrier whose blue and tan coat is parted on the face and from the base of the skull to the end of the tail and hangs evenly and quite straight down each side of body. The body is neat, compact and well proportioned. The dog's high head carriage and confident manner should give the appearance of vigor and self-importance.Head: Small and rather flat on top, the skull not too prominent or round, the muzzle not too long, with the bite neither undershot nor overshot and teeth sound. Either scissors bite or level bite is acceptable. The nose is black.Eyes are medium in size and not too prominent; dark in color and sparkling with a sharp, intelligent expression.Eye rims are dark. Ears are small, V-shaped, carried erect and set not too far apart.Body: Well proportioned and very compact. The back is rather short, the backline level, with height at shoulder the same as at the rump.Legs and Feet: Forelegs should be straight, elbows neither in nor out. Hind legs straight when viewed from behind, but stifles are moderately bent when viewed from the sides. Feet are round with black toenails. Dewclaws, if any, are generally removed from the hind legs. Dewclaws on the forelegs may be removed.Tail: Docked to a medium length and carried slightly higher than the level of the back.Coat: < AKC 約克夏犬品種標準類別 : 玩具約克夏梗於 1885 年被美國養犬俱樂部 (AKC) 認定為犬種。關於品種約克夏梗精緻、光滑、長及地板的皮毛下，跳動著一顆活潑、老式梗犬的心。約克夏犬在成為維多利亞時代貴婦的寵物狗之前，早在礦場和工廠裡捕鼠為生。約克夏梗犬是一種緊湊的玩具型梗犬，重量不超過 7 磅，其最引以為傲的是其及地長毛，呈鋼藍色和濃鬱的金褐色，如絲般柔滑。別讓約克夏犬的優雅外表欺騙了你。約克夏犬頑強、活潑、勇敢，有時還很專橫，它展現出了真正的梗犬的所有特徵。約克夏犬常被稱為美國各城市最受歡迎的犬種，它體型雖小，卻自負，卻蘊含著大城市的氣質。它們深受世界各地城市居民的喜愛。約克夏犬壽命長、不易引起過敏（其皮毛更像人類的頭髮而不是動物的毛髮），是優秀的小型看門狗。這是一種真正的“個性品種”，帶來多年的歡笑、愛和親密的陪伴。整體外觀：長毛玩具梗，藍色和棕褐色的皮毛在臉上分開，從頭部底部到尾巴末端，均勻地、相當垂直地垂在身體兩側。軀體整潔、緊湊、比例勻稱。狗狗高昂的頭部姿態和自信的態度給人一種活力十足和自負的感覺。頭部：小而頂部較平，頭骨不太突出或圓，口吻不太長，既不是下顎突出式咬合，也不是上顎突出式咬合，牙齒健全。剪狀咬合或鉗狀咬合均可接受。鼻子是黑色的。顏色深且閃閃發光，具有敏銳、聰明的表情。耳朵小，V 形，直立，距離不太遠。身體：比例勻稱，非常緊湊。背部較短，背線水平，肩膀高度與臀部高度相同。腿和腳：前腿應該伸直，手肘既不向內也不向外。從後面看，後腿直，但從側面看，膝關節適度彎曲。腳是圓的，腳趾甲是黑色的。如果有狼爪，通常會從後腿上切除。前腿上的狼爪可以被移除。尾巴：剪短至中等長度，略高於背部。外套：<
FCI 標準約克夏梗FCI-Standard YORKSHIRE TERRIER
FCI-Standard YORKSHIRE TERRIER 2023-12-29， 瀏覽： 602 FCI-Standard YORKSHIRE TERRIERORIGIN: Great Britain.FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 3 Terriers. Section 4 Toy Terriers. Without working trial.BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: The Yorkshire Terrier comes from the same locale as the Airedale Terrier and was first seen around the 1850s. The old Black and Tan Terrier is behind the Yorkshire Terrier, together with other breeds such as the Maltese and the Skye Terrier. The current name was accepted in 1870. The breed’s terrier-like qualities include the hunting instinct, be it for a toy in the house or a rodent in the garden.GENERAL APPEARANCE: Long-coated, coat hanging quite straight and evenly down each side, a parting extending from nose to end of tail. Very compact and neat, carriage very upright conveying an important air.IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS: General outline conveying impression of vigorous and well proportioned body.BEHAVIOUR AND TEMPERAMENT: Alert, intelligent toy terrier. Spirited with even disposition.HEAD CRANIAL REGION:Skull: Rather small and flat, not too prominent or round. FACIAL REGION:Nose: Black.Muzzle: Not too long.Jaw/Teeth: Perfect, regular and complete scissor bite, i. e. upper teeth closely overlapping the lower teeth and set square to the jaws. Teeth well placed with even jaws.EYES: Medium, dark, sparkling, with sharp intelligent expression and placed to look directly forward. Not prominent. Edge of eyelids dark.EARS: Small, V-shaped, carried erect, not too far apart, covered with short hair, colour very deep, rich tan.NECK: Good reach. FCI 標準約克夏梗起源： 英國。FCI 分類：3 組梗類犬。第 4 部分 玩具梗。未經工作試用。簡要歷史概述：約克夏梗與萬能梗來自同一地區，首次出現於 19 世紀 50 年代左右。老黑褐梗落後於約克夏梗，與馬耳他犬和斯凱梗等其他犬種並列。目前的名稱是在 1870 年被接受的。 該品種具有梗犬般的特徵，包括狩獵本能，無論是針對家中的玩具還是花園中的囓齒動物。整體外觀：長毛，被毛垂直且均勻地垂在身體兩側，從鼻子到尾巴末端有一條分縫。非常緊湊整潔，體態非常挺直，傳達出重要的氣質。重要比例：整體輪廓傳達出身體旺盛且比例勻稱的印象。行為與性情：警覺、聰明的玩具梗。精神抖擻，性情平和。頭部顱骨區域：頭骨：相當小而扁平，不太突出或圓。臉部區域：鼻子：黑色。口吻：不要太長。顎/牙齒：完美、規則、完整的剪狀咬合。 e.上牙緊密覆蓋下牙，與顎骨呈直角。牙齒排列整齊，下顎骨整齊。眼睛：中等，深色，閃亮，具有敏銳的智慧表情，直視前方。不突出。眼瞼邊緣發暗。耳朵：小，V 形，直立，間距不太遠，覆蓋著短毛，顏色很深，呈深褐色。頸部：伸展性良好。
AKC 標準墨西哥無毛犬AKC Standard of the Xoloitzcuintli
AKC Standard of the Xoloitzcuintli 墨西哥無毛犬 2023-12-30， 瀏覽： 1011 AKC Standard of the XoloitzcuintliNon-Sporting GroupAbout the BreedThe 3,000-year-old Xoloitzcuintli (pronounced "show-low-eats-QUEENT-lee"), the ancient Aztec dog of the gods, is today a loving companion and vigilant watchdog. The alert and loyal Xolo comes in three sizes, and in either hairless or coated varieties.The Xoloitzcuintli comes in three sizes (toy, miniature, and standard), and two varieties (hairless and coated). The hairless has tough, smooth, close-fitting skin. The coated variety is covered by a short, flat coat. Both varieties come in dark colors, ranging from black, gray-black, slate, to red, liver, or bronze. The face is thoughtful and intelligent, and a Xolo's forehead will wrinkle when he's deep in thought. The Xolo's graceful, elegant body is surprisingly strong and rugged.General Appearance: The Xolo is an ancient, natural breed, molded by evolution rather than selective breeding. A Xolo is moderate in all aspects of type and conformation, never extreme or overdone. Today the breed serves as a guard and companion. The Xolo possesses a clean, graceful outline, equally combining elegance and strength. There are two varieties, hairless and coated, identical except for coat and dentition. In the hairless variety, the principal characteristic is the total or almost total absence of hair. The coated variety is covered by a short, flat coat. In conformation, all three sizes are lean, sturdy, well muscled with a spacious ribcage, and moderate bone. The Xolo outline is rectangular, and the distance from the elbow to ground is equal to, or slightly greater than, the distance from the withers to the elbow. Typical Xolo temperament is calm, tranquil, aloof and attentive.Size, Proportion, Substance: Height is measured at the highest point of the withers. Toy - Height at withers at least 10, and up to and including 14 inches. Miniature - Height at withers over 14 inches, and up to and including 18 inches. Standard - Height at withers over 18 inches, and up to and including 23 inches. Dogs less than 10 inches, or over 24 inches are disqualified. The body is slightly longer than height, in a 9/10 ratio measured from the point of the shoulder blade to the end of the rump. Medium, oval shaped bone is desirable. All three sizes exhibit moderately balanced proportions, and appear strong, sturdy, and well covered with smooth, flat muscle, but never coarse, heavy or over-muscled.Head: Expression - Thoughtful and intelligent, vivacious, conveying the noble and faithful character of the breed, will show distinctive brow wrinkles when at attention. Eyes are almond shaped, medium size, neither sunken nor protruding. The color varies from yellow to black, the darker being preferred, but lighter color is acceptable. Both eyes must be of the same color. The eye rims may be less pigmented on light colored dogs. Light or spotted eye rims are tolerated but not preferred. Xoloitzcuintli 的 AKC 標準非運動團體關於品種擁有 3000 年歷史的 Xoloitzcuintli（發音為“show-low-eats-QUEENT-lee”）是古代阿茲特克人的神犬，如今已成為人們可愛的伴侶犬和警惕的看門狗。警惕而忠誠的 Xolo 有三種尺寸，分為無毛品種和有毛品種。Xoloitzcuintli 有三種尺寸（玩具型、迷你型和標準型）和兩種品種（無毛型和有毛型）。無毛貓的肌膚堅韌、滑順、貼身。有毛品種的被毛短而平。 兩個品種的顏色均為深色，從黑色、灰黑色、板岩色到紅色、肝色或青銅色。它的面容顯得深思熟慮且充滿智慧，當 Xolo 陷入沉思時，它的額頭就會皺起來。 Xolo 的身體優雅而優雅，但卻出奇的強壯和粗獷。整體外觀：Xolo 是一種古老的、自然的犬種，是透過進化而不是選擇性繁殖形成的。 Xolo 的種類和結構各方面都較為溫和，不會過分或過度。如今，該犬主要扮演護衛犬和伴侶犬的角色。 Xolo 擁有乾淨、優美的輪廓，將優雅與力量融為一體。有兩種：無毛和有毛，除被毛和牙齒外完全相同。無毛型的主要特徵是完全或幾乎完全沒有毛髮。有毛品種的被毛短而平。從形態上看，這三種尺寸的狗都是精瘦、結實、肌肉發達、胸腔寬敞、骨骼適中的。 Xolo 的輪廓是矩形的，肘部到地面的距離等於或略大於肩隆到肘部的距離。典型的 Xolo 氣質是冷靜、安寧、超然和專注。尺寸、比例、體質：高度是測量肩隆最高點的。玩具型－肩高至少 10 英寸，最多 14 英寸。微型－肩高超過 14 英寸，最高可達 18 英寸。標準－肩高超過 18 英寸，且不超過 23 英寸。身高少於 10 英吋或超過 24 英吋的狗狗均屬於失格。身體長度略大於身高，從肩胛骨末端到臀部末端的長度比例為 9/10。最好是中等大小、橢圓形的骨頭。這三種尺寸都表現出適度平衡的比例，並且顯得強壯、結實，肌肉光滑平坦，但不會粗糙、沉重或肌肉發達。頭部：表情－深思熟慮而聰明，活潑，表現出該品種高貴和忠誠的性格，注意時會露出明顯的眉毛皺紋。眼睛呈杏仁狀，中等大小，不凹陷也不突出。顏色從黃色到黑色不等，顏色越深越好，但淺色也可以接受。兩隻眼睛必須是相同的顏色。淺顏色的狗的眼圈色素可能較少。可以接受淺色或有斑點的眼圈，但不建議。
FCI 標準墨西哥無毛犬FCI-Standard XOLOITZCUINTLE
FCI-Standard XOLOITZCUINTLE 2023-12-30， 瀏覽： 715 FCI 標準 XOLOITZCUINTLE（無毛品種和有毛品種）譯：Federación Canófila Mexicana, A.C. 官方語言（ES）。由 Renée Sporre-Willes 修訂。原產地：墨西哥。官方有效標準發布日期：2012年10月8日。用途：標準尺寸：看門狗。中等大小：看門狗。微縮尺寸：伴侶犬。FCI 分類：第 5 組尖嘴犬和原始類型。第 6 節 原始型別。未經工作試用。序言：導致毛髮缺失的基因是顯性的。儘管如此，有些小狗生來就有毛。無毛狗與無毛狗的雜交產生的有毛狗數量最少，因此這是首選。事實證明，這種繁殖方式可以維持並提高品種的品質。為了提供遺傳多樣性，可以使用結構良好、被毛良好的 Xoloitzcuintles，具有優秀的類型、構造、標準接受的顏色和被毛，用於繁殖目的。不允許兩只有毛的墨西哥無毛犬之間繁殖。 Xoloitzcuintle 有毛種畜必須是已註冊父母的後代，且至少有三代是無毛到無毛的繁殖後代。有毛的品種必須在狗展上被評估為純種，才可以與無毛狗繁殖。歷史概要：它們的起源可以追溯到遙遠的歷史。 Xoloitzcuintle 或納瓦特爾語中的 Xoloitzcuintli（西班牙語中的 Xoloitzcuintle）的肉在前西班牙裔墨西哥被視為美味佳餚，土著墨西哥人在特殊的儀式上食用它作為他們信仰的禮儀，並被視為神“Xolotl”的代表，其名字顯然源於此。因此，狗的數量變得稀少，甚至瀕臨滅絕。 Federación Canófila Mexicana（墨西哥養犬俱樂部）拯救了這個本土犬種，並從 1940 年開始在其標誌上使用 Xoloitzcuintle。 該犬種的無毛品種也被稱為“perro pelón mexicano”（墨西哥無毛犬）。整體外觀：Xoloitzcuintle 是一種古老的自然原始犬，以進化為模型，從整體構造來看，它是一種非常有吸引力的苗條優雅的犬，各方面都適中，表現出速度、和諧和力量，但不顯得粗糙，輪廓清晰，身體勻稱，胸部寬闊，肋骨發達
